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Example The following example shows how a LocalConnection object in a receiving SWF file can permit SWF files from any domain to invoke its methods. Compare this to the example in LocalConnection.connect(), in which only SWF files from the same domain can invoke the Trace method in the receiving SWF file. For a discussion of the use of the underscore (_) in the connection name, see LocalConnection.send(). var aLocalConnection = new LocalConnection(); aLocalConnection.Trace = function(aString) { aTextField = aTextField + aString + newline; } aLocalConnection.allowDomain = function() { // Any domain can invoke methods on this LocalConnection object return true; } aLocalConnection.connect(”_trace”); In the following example, the receiving SWF file accepts commands only from SWF files located in thisDomain.com or thatDomain.com. var aLocalConnection = new LocalConnection(); aLocalConnection.Trace = function(aString) { aTextField = aTextField + aString + newline; } aLocalConnection.allowDomain = function(sendingDomain) { return(sendingDomain==”thisDomain.com” || sendingDomain==”thatDomain.com”); } aLocalConnection.connect(”_trace”); See also LocalConnection.connect(), LocalConnection.domain(), LocalConnection.send() LocalConnection.allowInsecureDomain Availability Flash Player 7. Usage receiving_lc.allowInsecureDomain = function([sendingDomain]) { // Your statements here return true or false } Parameters sendingDomain An optional parameter specifying the domain of the SWF file containing the sending LocalConnection object. Returns Nothing. LocalConnection.allowInsecureDomain 437
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LocalConnection.allowDomain Availability Flash Player 6; behavior changed in Flash Player 7. Usage receiving_lc.allowDomain = function([sendingDomain]) { // Your statements here return true or false } Parameters sendingDomain An optional parameter specifying the domain of the SWF file containing the sending LocalConnection object. Returns Nothing. Description Event handler; invoked whenever receiving_lc receives a request to invoke a method from a sending LocalConnection object. Flash expects the code you implement in this handler to return a Boolean value of true or false. If the handler doesn t return true, the request from the sending object is ignored, and the method is not invoked. Use this command to explicitly permit LocalConnection objects from specified domains, or from any domain, to execute methods of the receiving LocalConnection object. If you don t declare the sendingDomain parameter, you probably want to accept commands from any domain, and the code in your handler would be simply return true. If you do declare sendingDomain, you probably want to compare the value of sendingDomain with domains from which you want to accept commands. The following examples illustrate both of these implementations. In files running in Flash Player 6, the sendingDomain parameter contains the superdomain of the caller. In files running in Flash Player 7 or later, the sendingDomain parameter contains the exact domain of the caller. In the latter case, to allow access by SWF files hosted at either www.domain.com or store.domain.com, you must explicitly allow access from both domains. // For Flash Player 6 receiving_lc.allowDomain = function(sendingDomain) { return(sendingDomain==”domain.com”); } // Corresponding commands to allow access by SWF files // that are running in Flash Player 7 or later receiving_lc.allowDomain = function(sendingDomain) { return(sendingDomain==”www.domain.com” || sendingDomain==”store.domain.com”); } Also, for files running in Flash Player 7 or later, you can t use this method to allow SWF files hosted using a secure protocol (HTTPS) to permit access from SWF files hosted in nonsecure protocols; you must use the LocalConnection.allowInsecureDomain event handler instead. 436 Chapter 12: ActionScript Dictionary
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Event handler summary for the LocalConnection class Event handler Description LocalConnection.allowDomain Invoked whenever the current (receiving) LocalConnection object receives a request to invoke a method from a sending LocalConnection object. LocalConnection.allowInsecureDomain Invoked whenever the current (receiving) LocalConnection object, which is in a SWF file hosted at a domain using a secure protocol (HTTPS), receives a request to invoke a method from a sending LocalConnection object that is in a SWF file that is hosted at a nonsecure protocol. LocalConnection.onStatus Invoked after a sending LocalConnection object tries to send a command to a receiving LocalConnection object. Constructor for the LocalConnection class Availability Flash Player 6. Usage new LocalConnection() Parameters None. Returns Nothing. Description Constructor; creates a LocalConnection object. Example The following example shows how receiving and sending SWF files create LocalConnnection objects. Notice that the two SWF files can use the same name or different names for their respective LocalConnection objects. In this example, they use the same name my_lc. // Code in the receiving SWF my_lc = new LocalConnection(); my_lc.someMethod = function() { // Your statements here } my_lc.connect(”connectionName”); // Code in the sending SWF my_lc = new LocalConnection(); my_lc.send(”connectionName”, “someMethod”); See also LocalConnection.connect(), LocalConnection.send() LocalConnection class 435
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LocalConnection class Availability Flash Player 6. Description The LocalConnection class lets you develop SWF files that can send instructions to each other without the use of fscommand() or JavaScript. LocalConnection objects can communicate only between SWF files that are running on the same client machine, but they can be running in two different applications for example, a SWF file running in a browser and a SWF file running in a projector. You can use LocalConnection objects to send and receive data within a single SWF file, but this is not a standard implementation; all the examples in this section illustrate communication between different SWF files. The primary methods used to send and receive data are LocalConnection.send() and LocalConnection.connect(). At its most basic, your code will implement the following commands; notice that both the LocalConnection.send() and LocalConnection.connect() commands specify the same connection name, lc_name: // Code in the receiving movie receiving_lc = new LocalConnection(); receiving_lc.methodToExecute = function(param1, param2) { // Code to be executed } receiving_lc.connect(”lc_name”); // Code in the sending movie sending_lc = new LocalConnection(); sending_lc.send(”lc_name”, “methodToExecute”, dataItem1, dataItem2) The simplest way to use a LocalConnection object is to allow communication only between LocalConnection objects located in the same domain, since you won t have to address issues related to security. However, if you need to allow communication between domains, you have a number of ways to implement security measures. For more information, see the discussion of the connectionName parameter in LocalConnection.send(), and also the LocalConnection.allowDomain and LocalConnection.domain() entries. Method summary for the LocalConnection class Method Description LocalConnection.close() Closes (disconnects) the LocalConnection object. LocalConnection.connect() Prepares the LocalConnection object to receive commands from a LocalConnection.send() command. LocalConnection.domain() Returns a string representing the superdomain of the location of the current SWF file. LocalConnection.send() Invokes a method on a specified LocalConnection object. 434 Chapter 12: ActionScript Dictionary
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Description Method; posts variables in the my_lv object to the specified URL. The server response is downloaded, parsed as variable data, and the resulting variables are placed in the targetObject object. Variables are posted in the same manner as LoadVars.send(). Variables are downloaded into targetObject in the same manner as LoadVars.load(). In SWF files running in a version of the player earlier than Flash Player 7, url must be in the same superdomain as the SWF file that is issuing this call. For example, a SWF file at www.someDomain.com can load variables from a SWF file at store.someDomain.com, because both files are in the same superdomain of someDomain.com. In SWF files of any version running in Flash Player 7 or later, url must be in exactly the same domain (see Flash Player security features on page 188). For example, a SWF file at www.someDomain.com can load variables only from SWF files that are also at www.someDomain.com. If you want to load variables from a different domain, you can place a cross-domain policy file on the server hosting the SWF file that is being accessed. For more information, see About allowing cross-domain data loading on page 190. This method is similar to XML.sendAndLoad(). LoadVars.toString() Availability Flash Player 6. Usage my_lv.toString() Parameters None. Returns A string. Description Method; returns a string containing all enumerable variables in my_lv, in the MIME content encoding application/x-www-form-urlencoded. Example var myVars = new LoadVars(); myVars.name = Gary ; myVars.age = 26; trace (myVars.toString()); //would output //name=Gary&age=26 LoadVars.toString() 433
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LoadVars.send() Availability Flash Player 6. Usage my_lv.send(url [,target, method]) Parameters url The URL to upload variables to. target The browser frame window in which any response will be displayed. method The GET or POST method of the HTTP protocol. Returns A string. Description Method; sends the variables in the my_lv object to the specified URL. All enumerable variables in my_lv are concatenated into a string in the application/x-www-form-urlencoded format by default, and the string is posted to the URL using the HTTP POST method. This is the same format used by the loadVariables() action. The MIME content type sent in the HTTP request headers is the value of my_lv.contentType, or the default application/x-www-form-urlencoded. The POST method is used unless GET is specified. If the target parameter is specified, the server s response is displayed in the browser frame window named target. If the target parameter is omitted, the server s response is discarded. This method is similar to XML.send(). LoadVars.sendAndLoad() Availability Flash Player 6; behavior changed in Flash Player 7. Usage my_lv.sendAndLoad(url, targetObject[, method]) Parameters url The URL to upload variables to. If the SWF file issuing this call is running in a web browser, url must be in the same domain as the SWF file; for details, see Description, below. targetObject The LoadVars object that receives the downloaded variables. method The GET or POST method of the HTTP protocol. Returns A string. 432 Chapter 12: ActionScript Dictionary
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LoadVars.onLoad Availability Flash Player 6. Usage my_lv.onLoad = function(success) { // your statements here } Parameters success The parameter indicates whether the load operation ended in success (true) or failure (false). Returns A Boolean value. Description Event handler; invoked when a LoadVars.load() or LoadVars.sendAndLoad() operation has ended. If the operation was successful, my_lv is populated with variables downloaded by the operation, and these variables are available when this handler is invoked. This handler is undefined by default. This method is similar to XML.onLoad(). LoadVars.onLoad 431
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LoadVars.loaded Availability Flash Player 6. Usage my_lv.loaded Description Property; undefined by default. When a LoadVars.load() or LoadVars.sendAndLoad() operation is started, the loaded property is set to false; when the operation completes, the loaded property is set to true. If the operation has not yet completed or has failed with an error, the loaded property remains set to false. This property is similar to the XML.loaded property. LoadVars.onData Availability Flash Player 6. Usage my_lv.onData = function(src) { // your statements here } Parameters src The raw (unparsed) data from a LoadVars.load() or LoadVars.sendAndLoad() method call. Returns Nothing. Description Event handler; invoked when data has been completely downloaded from the server, or when an error occurs while data is downloading from a server. This handler is invoked before the data is parsed and therefore can be used to call a custom parsing routine instead of the one built in to Flash Player. The value of the src parameter passed to the function assigned to LoadVars.onData can either be undefined, or a string that contains the URL-encoded name- value pairs downloaded from the server. If the returned value is undefined, an error occurred while downloading the data from the server. The default implementation of LoadVars.onData invokes LoadVars.onLoad. You can override this default implementation by assigning a custom function to LoadVars.onData, but LoadVars.onLoad will no longer be called unless you call it in your implementation of LoadVars.onData. 430 Chapter 12: ActionScript Dictionary
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LoadVars.load() Availability Flash Player 6; behavior changed in Flash Player 7. Usage my_lv.load(url) Parameters url The URL from which to download the variables. If the SWF file issuing this call is running in a web browser, url must be in the same domain as the SWF file; for details, see Description, below. Returns A string. Description Method; downloads variables from the specified URL, parses the variable data, and places the resulting variables into my_lv. Any properties in my_lv with the same names as downloaded variables are overwritten. Any properties in my_lv with different names than downloaded variables are not deleted. This is an asynchronous action. The downloaded data must be in the MIME content type application/x-www-form-urlencoded. This is the same format used by loadVariables(). In SWF files running in a version of the player earlier than Flash Player 7, url must be in the same superdomain as the SWF file that is issuing this call. For example, a SWF file at www.someDomain.com can load variables from a SWF file at store.someDomain.com, because both files are in the same superdomain of someDomain.com. In SWF files of any version running in Flash Player 7 or later, url must be in exactly the same domain (see Flash Player security features on page 188). For example, a SWF file at www.someDomain.com can load variables only from SWF files that are also at www.someDomain.com. If you want to load variables from a different domain, you can place a cross-domain policy file on the server hosting the SWF file that is being accessed. For more information, see About allowing cross-domain data loading on page 190. Also, in files published for Flash Player 7, case sensitivity (see Case sensitivity on page 29) is supported for external variables loaded with LoadVars.load(). This method is similar to XML.load(). LoadVars.load() 429
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LoadVars.getBytesLoaded() Availability Flash Player 6. Usage my_lv.getBytesLoaded() Parameters None. Returns An integer. Description Method; returns the number of bytes downloaded by LoadVars.load() or LoadVars.sendAndLoad(). This method returns undefined if no load operation is in progress, or if a load operation has not yet begun. LoadVars.getBytesTotal() Availability Flash Player 6. Usage my_lv.getBytesTotal() Parameters None. Returns An integer. Description Method; returns the total number of bytes downloaded by LoadVars.load() or LoadVars.sendAndLoad(). This method returns undefined if no load operation is in progress or if a load operation has not yet begun. This method also returns undefined if the number of total bytes can t be determined; for example, if the download was initiated but the server did not transmit an HTTP content-length. 428 Chapter 12: ActionScript Dictionary
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